https://hardlimit.com Toda la actualidad del hardware y el software https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2531 A leaked PCB reveals four Radeon RX 470 GPUs crammed onto a single board with 32GB GDDR5 total. This unreleased AMD prototype screams crypto miner, sporting just one HDMI port, a PCIe x8 slot, and four 8-pin power connectors. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2531 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2530 Fedora Linux 45 just dropped! The big deal is Stratis storage built right into the installer, making pooling, snapshots, and encryption a breeze via GUI or Kickstart. You';ll also find updated GNOME/KDE desktops with better Wayland support and scaling, plus fresh dev tools and kernel updates for hardware, battery life, and containers. Heads up: the vpnc and fortisslvpn plugins are gone, so migrate your VPNs ASAP. Check it out at getfedora.org! https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2530 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2529 FreeRDP 3.33.0 just dropped with cool new stuff like browser-based WebAssembly support, a better SDL client, experimental UDP for direct RDP, cross-client Unicode keyboard pipes, the Windows shadow server back from the dead, FUSE-free macOS clipboard sharing, and initial message translation, plus tons of bug and CVE fixes. Since there was a huge wave of feedback, the team is already prepping a quick patch release to squash the remaining papercuts. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2529 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2528 Marvell’s snapping up photonics leader Lumentum for $115B in stock to corner the AI networking market. Copper cables are hitting speed and power limits, so optics are becoming a must for massive GPU setups, and Marvell wants to be the one-stop shop before demand spikes. The all-stock deal wraps up by mid-2028. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2528 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2527 arielenter plays Freedroid RPG, a free software remake of the Commodore 64 game Paradroid, noting its text-heavy, Fallout-like style. The story drops an alien penguin-human into a robot-controlled dystopia where he explores, hacks machines, fights enemies, and makes moral choices that shift the plot. He emphasizes how the game rewards reading and patience, weaving in sci-fi lore and free software metaphors. Streaming for Halloween with a viewer, he wraps up by highlighting how the open-source code lets players tweak anything they dislike, and promises to share his final thoughts after diving deeper into the narrative. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2527 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2526 CVE-2026-98432 is a serious 9.8 use-after-free bug in the Linux kernel';s IPv4 TCP setup that lets attackers run root commands remotely using SYN packets with IPv4 options, no login or user clicks needed. It hits AlmaLinux 8, 9, and 10, and fixes are up in the testing repo for folks to verify before they go live. If you can';t reboot yet, block the exploit by dropping IPv4 TCP packets with options via nftables or turning off MPTCP if it';s enabled. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2526 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2525 franzopow jumps into a Halloween stream on the AES server with dev zugi to check out spooky lobby updates and tackle a flipped parkour tower. They talk through a weekly CC0 drawing canvas that posts player art online, why lobby music stays muted by default, and joke around about cash donations and gym memberships for the devs. franzopow spends most of the time struggling with the parkour';s ladder jumps and sneak tricks before bailing to play color jump and TNT run instead. He also drops news about an AES booth at a Pordenone gaming fair next month, a translation talk in Bolzano, and Weblate handling over a dozen languages for the server. The stream wraps up with him promising more content next week and thanks everyone for hanging out. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2525 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2524 Heads up, Raspberry Pi is hiking prices on its 16GB boards because memory chips are still pricey and scarce. The Pi 5 16GB jumps $80 to $385 and the Compute Module 5 16GB goes up $40, but everything else like the Pi 500+ stays the same. They suggest tweaking your projects or grabbing cheaper models to save cash, warn against scalpers by buying only from official resellers, and say this is just a temporary thing that’ll drop back down once memory costs settle. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2524 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2523 Sam Altman says running AI locally on home PCs is a waste since personal rigs only use their RAM like five percent of the time, while cloud servers run nonstop. He basically wants all that scarce memory in OpenAI';s data centers instead, which protects their subscription model but fuels worries that we';ll just end up renting tech instead of owning it. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2523 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2522 Édouard Muller thinks Windows 11 is an absolute mess and easily the worst desktop OS he';s ever used. He points out that modern hardware is already plenty powerful for everyday tasks, but badly optimized software makes Windows 11 run terribly on decent office PCs, while Linux handles them just fine. He';s pretty fed up with the OS';s inconsistent interface across updates, a broken update tool that constantly fails and forces him to fix things manually via command line, and an installer that weirdly blocks local accounts instead of letting you set one up easily. He also blames modern dev trends like Electron and heavy game engines for wasting hardware potential, and he doubts AI will fix these problems instead of making them worse. Having ditched Windows years ago because of Vista';s poor performance, he finds today';s Linux desktops way more consistent and reliable, which is why he';s totally unsurprised that so many people are finally switching over. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2522 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2521 Hacktron found a nasty command injection bug in GNU Savannah that let users run server commands just by testing a GPG key with a sketchy email address. From there, they escalated to superuser status, proved they could push code to Bash';s main repo, and used an unpatched kernel to grab root access and tap a backup server. They reported it all to the FSF in May 2026 along with 25 other bugs, and everything got patched. Pretty wild how one tiny flaw could';ve compromised core Linux tools. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2521 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2520 Mónica Gómez recently wiped her system and installed Debian 13, swapping out KDE Plasma for Window Maker just to tinker with retro aesthetics. Since Window Maker only works on X11, she had to confront her old beef with the protocol. After messing with settings and rolling back to an older Intel driver to fix scaling and screen tearing, she finally got a smooth setup by running Window Maker alongside lightweight XFCE tools. Turns out her past rants about X11 were mostly just her own bad configs, so she’s officially taking back all those harsh takes and admits the server is actually pretty solid. She still thinks Wayland is where things are headed, but she’s now totally cool using X11 again. The whole project also helped her shake off a tech slump, appreciate that loose-coupling Unix vibe, and feel excited about tinkering again. She’ll probably stick with Window Maker for now, but plans to switch to an XFCE Wayland compositor once it’s ready. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2520 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2519 NVIDIA’s apparently rushing out the RTX 5080 24GB by late 2026 or early 2027, ditching the 16GB model and RTX 5090 D V2 in China. Current 16GB stock lasts about two months before it’s gone. Exact specs, pricing, and names are still unconfirmed, but this mostly applies to China for now. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2519 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2518 Azufre36 kicks into his XCOM run broke but fully geared up, planning to dump all future cash into satellites for extra income. He arms his squad with laser weapons and gives la negra a shotgun and dispersion laser before flying to Asia to intercept an enemy landing. Despite expecting a brutal fight against five floating aliens, he handles the combat smoothly using smoke, cover, and smart positioning, even pausing to reload his sniper. Inside the crashed ship, he faces a heavy Muton but stuns it with arc throwers for capture. The mission wraps up successfully, netting him plasma weapon research credits and intel on the aggressive alien type. Back at base, he discovers his newly bought satellites are still under construction despite having twenty-one engineers, and he eyes shell armor to keep his troops alive longer. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2518 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2517 AMD just dropped the Adrenalin Edition 26.10.2 driver on October 30, 2026, fixing a bunch of crashes and overlay glitches across their newer GPUs and Ryzen chips, though a few games still have known bugs you might wanna work around. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2517 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2516 Lumeltix_Linuxer opens with condolences for a recent tragic train crash in Spain before diving into tech news. He flags the upcoming EU Digital Wallet as a privacy risk that will likely force mandatory online ID verification. He then breaks down the fragmented world of free office suites, arguing that projects like LibreOffice, OnlyOffice, and the new Office.eu keep splintering efforts and leaning on Microsoft formats instead of just improving existing open standards. On a personal note, he reveals he has officially left his former Linux distro project after some disagreements but will still cover it neutrally on his Diversistemas channel. He wraps up by pointing out that while several Spanish distros are climbing DistroWatch rankings, Linux still only holds around six percent of the desktop market, so he urges the community to drop the egos, stop reinventing the wheel, and actually work together to grow free software adoption. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2516 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2515 Epic';s launcher preview just fixed the Linux keyring bugs blocking logins and startup. They also smoothed out downloads, tweaked Unreal Engine tools, squashed UI glitches, and generally made the whole thing way more stable and usable. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2515 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2514 Intel beat Q3 earnings but sent their stock down over 20% after forecasting a weak Q4 due to dropping PC sales and an Israeli plant explosion that’ll cost about $300M. Still, AI demand is boosting data center chips, and their foundry division crushed estimates while reportedly landing Google as a client, with Nvidia and SK Hynix also in talks. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2514 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2513 AMD just dropped FSR SDK 2.4, bringing updated FSR 4.1.2 to RX 6000 cards and Ryzen APUs. The new kit finally matches Vulkan with DirectX 12 for upscaling and frame gen, adds driver-assisted frame pacing for newer GPUs to cut CPU overhead, and includes ray regeneration tweaks. Devs can grab the files on GitHub, but players gotta wait for game updates since nothing auto-patches via drivers. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2513 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2512 The EU just greenlit €319 million in Austrian state aid to help Infineon upgrade its Villach factory into the world’s first high-volume plant for next-gen gallium nitride chips on 300mm wafers. Part of a bigger push to boost local chip making, the €1.1 billion project wraps up in 2034. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2512 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2511 Fujifilm is boosting tape production capacity fivefold with a $64M plant upgrade in Japan, proving magnetic tape isn';t dead. Despite a slight 2025 sales dip, they';re banking on AI and cloud services creating massive data growth that needs cheap, secure storage. They';re doubling down on next-gen LTO tapes to handle the rush, expecting record sales by 2026. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2511 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2510 Ghostty 1.4 brings major speed and memory upgrades, full Kitty graphics support, and better SSH tools, while patching security holes and compressing scrollback to save RAM. It updates macOS and GTK rendering, bumps system requirements, adds drag-and-drop splits, and drops the Windows GUI roadmap to focus on libghostty instead. Version 1.5 is set for March 2027. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2510 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2509 Canonical’s reviving Ubuntu Core Desktop after going quiet since 2023. VP Jon Seager’s pushing hard for the next release, targeting browser-focused PCs, dev workstations, and gaming rigs first. They’re tackling big hurdles like Snap app availability, desktop modularization, permissions, and KDE support. A fresh team is rebuilding pipelines for daily builds. Regular Ubuntu Desktop isn’t going anywhere, but the long-term goal is making this safer, immutable Core version the default everywhere. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2509 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2508 China’s top DRAM maker CXMT is rolling out limited HBM3E production in about two months, but they’re only hitting 20-30% yields compared to SK Hynix’s 70%, and the chips perform closer to older HBM3 models. This move is really just about self-sufficiency since US export controls have left Chinese AI chipmakers scrambling for memory, forcing them to hike prices and turn to unofficial channels. If CXMT can’t bump up yields soon, domestic AI makers will keep raising prices and stay locked into foreign chips. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2508 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2507 KDE';s 15-year-old bug that made USB copy notifications show up way too early is finally getting fixed in next month';s Frameworks 6.32 update. After years of technical headaches figuring out when data actually hits the drive, devs finally cracked it, so those completion pop-ups will actually be accurate now. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2507 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2506 NVIDIA nerfed the specs on its Rubin AI chips months after announcing them, cutting HBM4 bandwidth and NVLink speeds across the GPUs, NVL72 rack, and HGX NVL8 platform. The NVL8 took the hardest hit with a 26% drop in memory bandwidth and reduced capacity, plus lower performance numbers. Some product pages still show the old stats, creating a bit of confusion, but these changes actually went up back in September. Given the massive backlog of orders, this downgrade likely won';t dent sales at all. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2506 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2505 IBM just hooked two 120-qubit quantum chips together with four long-distance couplers, hitting roughly 99 percent transfer accuracy and low energy loss. This modular setup’s a big step toward scaling up quantum computers instead of cramming qubits onto one chip, pushing IBM closer to its 2029 fault-tolerant machine goal. They still need to tweak out some magnetic interference, but it’s a pretty solid leap forward for next-gen computing. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2505 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2504 Orange Pi just dropped the O1, a single-board computer powered by the SOPHGO BM1688 chip with an octa-core CPU and a 16 TOPS AI accelerator. It handles up to sixteen 1080p video streams, offers 8 or 16GB RAM, and packs in WiFi 6E, dual gigabit Ethernet, optional cellular, plus tons of camera, display, and storage ports. You’ll need a separate $7.9 cooler, but it starts at $195 on AliExpress. Just a heads-up: the software’s still pretty barebones with no official Ubuntu image or docs ready yet, even though they’re pushing local LLM support. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2504 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2503 Moxnox v1.0 is a hobby OS mixing NT-style syscalls with POSIX compatibility, running on btrfs and capable of self-hosting. Written in around 130k lines of C++ for amd64 and aarch64, it ships with a full GNU base system and handles most standard Unix tools. It’s not production-ready—no GUI, limited security, slow networking, and zero Win32 app support yet—but it’s stable enough for tinkering. Built mostly by hand with AI just handling chores, it’s a personal experiment inspired by NT’s underrated design and a wish for better Unix compatibility in Windows. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2503 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2502 nxnative lets you run Nintendo Switch games directly on Apple Silicon Macs without traditional CPU emulation by leveraging their shared ARM64 architecture. Instead of translating processor instructions, it just adapts the game code and converts graphics calls. A demo showed four titles running smoothly at 60 FPS at once, with support growing fast. You’ll need your own dumped games and console keys, and while some glitches or missing online features pop up, it’s a pretty neat way to play on Mac. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2502 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2501 Nagare Labs is cooking up Z2RAM, a new memory tech promising SRAM speed, DRAM density, and NAND-like manufacturing. Backed by Pat Gelsinger’s Playground Global with $5M, it ditches capacitors for transistors to boost speed and stack vertically. Still just a lab prototype, it aims for samples in four years and production in a decade, but could seriously slash the chip count needed for AI workloads. The catch? No 3D bonding standards yet, finicky oxide semiconductor reliability, and the usual graveyard of failed memory startups to navigate. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2501 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2500 Micron';s 1δ node ramps late 2027 with mid-20% density gains. DDR6 hits more than double DDR5 bandwidth but stays server-only, while LPDDR6 cuts power over 35%. Micron dropped 4F² scaling, sticking to 6F² and looking at 3D DRAM later. A 1TB DDR5 RDIMM is coming next. HBM runs from HBM4 to HBM6 by 2030, plus vertical vHBM. G11 NAND arrives late 2027 with over 400 layers and double the density. AI demand drives it all. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2500 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2499 Yvo Machyne checks out the Chaos Coin demo by Sketch House Games, a lane-based tactical roguelite featured in the upcoming Games That Ace It Steam Fest. Players place and flip coins across six lanes to attack, defend, and move units like the fox and loon. Yvo Machyne quickly picks up on the strategy behind saving coins from flipping and swapping their faces, and really digs the expressive animations and cute designs. After a tense boss fight where both characters hit zero health but get saved by rescue tokens, Yvo Machyne finishes the demo, unlocks the lynx, and highly recommends wishlisting and reviewing it to support the solo dev before the full release next year. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2499 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2498 Qualcomm';s Snapdragon X2 Elite swaps its old all-big-core layout for a hybrid mix of six efficiency cores and twelve big ones. Clocking in at 3.6 GHz on a compact 4-wide design, those E-cores aren';t built for raw speed but rather to sip power while juggling background tasks. Thanks to smart branch prediction, roomy caches, and fresh instruction set support, they handle lightweight workloads smoothly without needing to wake up the heavy hitters. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2498 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2497 Wayland dev Simon Ser just dropped a draft protocol that basically lets apps create virtual screens on the fly for remote desktop and VNC use. It fills Wayland';s missing dynamic output support, with an experimental wlroots version already available. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2497 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2496 Trend Micro';s ZDI accidentally posted several high-severity Linux kernel bugs to the public mailing list instead of the private one. The flaws score up to 9.0 and cover remote code execution, privilege escalation, and info leaks, but patches are already being tested or queued for mainline. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2496 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2495 Samsung’s tweaking its eight-year-old 8nm chip process with a new 8LPU+ upgrade that boosts performance by 12%, cuts power use by 15%, and shrinks chip size. To save cash, they’re skipping expensive EUV machines and sticking with their already paid-off DUV gear. The refresh adds automotive-grade memory and low-leakage tech, mainly targeting car electronics, robotics, and edge AI, with a launch expected before year-end. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2495 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2493 The RTX Spark’s NPU isn’t a fake GPU trick but a real standalone DLA chip with its own RISC-V cores, clock, and power rail. I ran actual neural networks on it, proving the main GPU isn’t secretly doing the work. It hits 5 to 6 TFLOPS in FP16 at roughly 3 watts, but even though the hardware supports INT8, it doesn’t run any faster than FP16, leaving Nvidia’s 55 TOPS claim unexplained. Efficiency is also meh since Windows forces a hybrid mode that keeps the main GPU awake. Software support is pretty raw with beta tools, no DirectML, and missing Copilot+ features. The whole setup basically looks like Nvidia just reused an existing DLA design to meet Microsoft’s Copilot+ requirements rather than pushing it as a real AI priority, especially since the exact same silicon explicitly disables the NPU on Linux boxes. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2493 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2492 franzopow warns the web player is buggy, recommending MPV, and notes bridge outages led to a backup OFTC room. He';s making a simple video to explain canceling YouTube after moving to Peertube. Tired of Cave Express';s bugs, he';ll stop soon. Next week is a Halloween stream; he might try Revolt despite non-libre assets, possibly polling viewers. He also mentions Quake Rally interest, a broken SD card, and thanks new followers. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2492 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2491 Hardlimit';s Portada v2 is live after years of dormancy. It';s now bilingual, automates news posting (compute costs still limit frequency), and adds multi-source entries. Voting and comments remain disabled due to security risks, so the backend was fully rewritten and moved to a standard database. The UI barely changed, just an emoji button and new header. A new English Mastodon channel is up, and RSS auto-detects language (shout if it fails). It';s still experimental, so report any automation glitches. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2491 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2490 Intel’s GPU D-series features a record 480GB of LPDDR5X memory optimized for AI inference, supporting up to 300 billion parameters per card. With 1.3 PFLOPS FP8 compute, 1.5TB/s bandwidth, and a standard 350W PCIe design, it integrates easily into existing data centers alongside Xeon CPUs. Pricing and availability remain undisclosed. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2490 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2489 Édouard Muller advises new Linux gamers against replicating SteamOS configurations, especially GameScope, on other distributions, as this frequently causes stuttering. He notes that distro-specific optimizations rarely translate elsewhere, recommending users rely on their desktop environment';s default compositor like KWin or Mutter instead. For smoother performance, he suggests forcing native Wayland execution via Proton or Wine launch options to bypass XWayland overhead, emphasizing that native Wayland outperforms compatibility layers across all desktops. Muller stresses trusting distro-provided defaults over heavy customization and points out that CachyOS has recently surpassed SteamOS in Steam surveys, proving native Linux gaming setups are highly viable. He concludes by dismissing the myth that Linux is harder to install than modern Windows. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2489 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2488 PHP2Shell is a serious but often exaggerated PHP vulnerability that typically causes worker crashes rather than immediate full breaches. Panic shutdowns are counterproductive; operators should apply targeted mitigations, maintain proper isolation and patching, enforce secure coding, and audit AI-generated code. The incident highlights the need for measured risk assessment, proactive maintenance, and distinguishing theoretical exploits from practical threats. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2488 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2487 Chinese factories are diverting scarce RTX 5090 gaming cards to AI servers by stripping retail models and rebuilding them as compact dual-slot GPUs with their original 32GB memory. Since NVIDIA does not restrict AI performance, this conversion limits gamer availability and raises questions about how these stockpiles were acquired. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2487 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2486 AMD';s Zen 6c delivers up to a 25.7% single-core Geekbench speed increase and roughly 23% better performance per GHz over Zen 5 at matched clocks, though differing platforms limit direct comparisons. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2486 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2485 Édouard Muller reviews the Aostar Mako mini PC, equipped with a Ryzen 7 Pro 6850H CPU, Radeon 680M GPU, 24GB RAM, and 1TB SSD, which he purchased for roughly 540 euros to replace his office desktop. He replaced the preinstalled Windows 11 with OpenSUSE Tumbleweed and KDE Plasma, praising its fluidity and using an XFS home partition for faster game loading. The system easily handles emulation up to Nintendo 64 and runs titles like Prey 2017, Fallout New Vegas, and Grip smoothly at HD resolution, though demanding games like Devil May Cry 2 trigger thermal shutdowns he plans to fix by reapplying thermal paste. He highlights the integrated GPU’s AV1 hardware decoding for significantly improved YouTube playback and notes connectivity quirks: a defective front USB port and weak internal Wi-Fi requiring a TP-Link adapter, alongside a Ugreen Bluetooth 6.0 dongle. Despite these minor hardware issues, Muller is highly satisfied with the mini PC’s Linux compatibility, performance, and overall value for his gaming and multimedia needs. https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2485 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2472 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2472 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2471 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2471 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2470 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2470 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2469 https://hardlimit.com/archivo.php?n=2469